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Material Properties: Definitions

Source: Omid Armin

Every material featured on PlasticFree has a unique physical profile and offers a set of performance capabilities that make it a viable solution.

Below are brief explanations of each key property and what it means in practice.

Abrasion resistant

Able to withstand surface wear from prolonged rubbing, scratching, friction, and scuffing.

Anti-fungal

Resistant to fungal growth and activity.

Anti-microbial

Resistant to the growth and activity of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and mould. Anti-microbial materials are also anti-fungal and mould resistant.

Breathable

Allows air to pass through, naturally regulating body temperature and enabling body moisture to evaporate. 

Compostable

Capable of naturally breaking down into a nutrient-rich compost that can be used as a soil enhancer or plant fertiliser. Compostable materials are certified by TÜV Austria and can either be composted at home (OK compost HOME) or in an industrial facility at temperatures between 55 to 60 degreees celsius (OK compost INDUSTRIAL).   

Cruelty free

A product that has not been tested on animals. Brands are approved cruelty free by a number of global certification programmes, such as the Cruelty Free International Leaping Bunny and PETA's Beauty Without Bunnies.

Dissolvable

A solid material that disappears when mixed with a liquid.

Edible

A material or substance that is safe and suitable to be eaten.

Elastic

A material's ability to regain its original shape and size after being stretched or compressed.

Fire resistant

Designed to withstand heat, prevent the spread of fire, and self-extinguish once the fire source is removed. If an open flame persists, a fire resistant material will burn slowly. Fire resistant is interchangeable with fireproof.

Flexible

Can be bent, stretched, or shaped when an external force is applied without breaking.

Food grade

Suitable for direct contact with food, indicating that it is free from toxins and other dangerous substances that could cause contamination, and is safe to use within a recommended temperature range.

Freezer safe

Suitable and safe for freezer storage, and will not crack or become brittle at low temperatures.

Heat resistant

Can withstand exposure to high temperatures and heat flow without burning or melting.

Hypoallergenic

Contains relatively fewer allergens and is unlikely to cause an allergic reaction upon use, particularly for those with skin sensitivities and allergies.

Inert

Refers to a material's stability, with no risk of chemical migration from the container to its contents.

Leakproof

An impermeable material that can hold a liquid without it seeping through.

Lightweight

A material that has a relatively lower density or weight. 'Lightweighting' refers to the process of designing lighter iterations of products by reducing material use without compromising on strength and functionality.

Low carbon

A material with a relatively lower carbon footprint that minimises GHGs throughout its entire life cycle.

Microwave safe

Allows microwaves to pass through, making it safe for use in a microwave oven. Microwave-safe materials will not break or shatter during use. 

Moisture barrier

Prevents moisture from travelling through, retaining and protecting the material's contents.

Mould resistant

Inhibits the growth and spread of mould and fungi.

Odour resistant

Eliminates bacterial growth before it combines with sweat to prevent body odour. Odour resistant materials are typically breathable, moisture-wicking, and anti-microbial. 

Oil resistant

Impermeable to oil and grease.

Oven safe

Can be placed directly in a conventional oven and withstand high temperatures without melting.

Oxygen barrier

Offers shelf stability and prevents spoilage caused by oxidation and aerobic microbial growth by keeping oxygen out of the package interior, preserving food and pharmaceutical products.

Recyclability

Capable of being processed and reused once it reaches the end of its useful life, either by being disposed of in an existing waste stream, or through a take-back programme.

Recycled

Indicates whether a material has been made with recycled content.

Regenerative

A material that yields positive outcomes for the environment. It can apply to a number of context-dependent practices involved in the sourcing and processing of materials. Examples include raw materials and ingredients grown using regenerative farming methods, products made from agricultural waste, and materials that can be converted into soil nutrients after disposal.

Rigid

An inflexible material that can't be bent or forced out of shape without breaking.

Sealable

Can be fully closed to hold its contents securely and prevent substances and contaminants from travelling into the package interior.

Strong

Resists heavy impacts, pressure, and wear without breaking or becoming permanently deformed.

Transparent

Allows light to pass through completely so that the package contents can be seen.

Upcycled

Indicates whether a material is made from used items, by-products, or waste materials of lower value.

UV resistant

Withstands exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, including sunlight, without degradation or damage.

Vegan

A material or food item that does not use any ingredients or by-products derived from animals, or involve the use or exploitation of animals throughout the manufacturing process and testing phase. To qualify as vegan, products must be certified by a recognised third-party body, such as the Vegan Trademark.

Water repellent

Not easily penetrated by water; rather than being absorbed, the water beads on the surface of the material. The technical term for water repellency is hydrophobicity. To achieve water repellency, a material is typically finished with a surface treatment or coating.

Water soluble

A material or substance that can be dissolved in water.

Waterproof

A material that does not allow water to pass through.

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